After successful completion of the course, students are able to comprehend the materials presented in the lecture and to draw conclusions from them, as well as to actively communicate the contents presented during the lecture.

The various temperature regimes: Production and purification of 4He and 3He: Thermodynamic basics of liquefaction: Methods of gas- liquefaction: Refri-gerators: Practical examples: Physical properties of liquid and solid 4He and 3He: Superfluity: Cryostats and their construction: Experimental methods of ultra low temperatures (<1K): Temperature measurement:

distant learning power point slides with audio comments will be uploaded in TISS. questions can be discussed at the lecture time by virtuell session.

Vorlesungszeit: Donnerstag 16:00 - 17:30

oral examination

Basic knowledge in solid state physics and thermodynamics